By default Piranha Server listens on port 8080. The command line below exposes port 8080 on your local machine and binds it to port 8080 inside the Docker container.
docker run --rm -it -p 8080:8080 piranhacloud/server:VERSION
Where VERSION is the version you want to use. Note if you want to test out the new and upcoming features you can use latest.
If you do not want to create your own Docker image containing Piranha Server and your web applications you can bind a volume to the Piranha webapps directory like illustrated below.
docker run --rm -it -p 8080:8080 -v $PWD:/usr/local/piranha/webapps \ piranhacloud/server:VERSION
Note this will disable all web applications that are shipped with Piranha Server by default as you are replacing it with your own set of web applications.