com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.protobuf

Class ProtoCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

java.lang.Object

com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.StandardCoder<T>

com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.DeterministicStandardCoder<T>

com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.AtomicCoder<T>

com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.protobuf.ProtoCoder<T>

Type Parameters:

T - the Protocol Buffers Message handled by this Coder.

All Implemented Interfaces:

Coder<T>, Serializable

public class ProtoCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>
extends AtomicCoder<T>

A Coder using Google Protocol Buffers binary format. ProtoCoder supports both Protocol Buffers syntax versions 2 and 3.

To learn more about Protocol Buffers, visit: https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers

ProtoCoder is registered in the global CoderRegistry as the default Coder for any Message object. Custom message extensions are also supported, but these extensions must be registered for a particular ProtoCoder instance and that instance must be registered on the PCollection that needs the extensions:

 import MyProtoFile;
 import MyProtoFile.MyMessage;

 Coder<MyMessage> coder = ProtoCoder.of(MyMessage.class).withExtensionsFrom(MyProtoFile.class);
 PCollection<MyMessage> records =  input.apply(...).setCoder(coder);
 

Versioning

ProtoCoder supports both versions 2 and 3 of the Protocol Buffers syntax. However, the Java runtime version of the google.com.protobuf library must match exactly the version of protoc that was used to produce the JAR files containing the compiled .proto messages.

For more information, see the Protocol Buffers documentation.

ProtoCoder and Determinism

In general, Protocol Buffers messages can be encoded deterministically within a single pipeline as long as:

• The encoded messages (and any transitively linked messages) do not use map fields.
• Every Java VM that encodes or decodes the messages use the same runtime version of the Protocol Buffers library and the same compiled .proto file JAR.

ProtoCoder and Encoding Stability

When changing Protocol Buffers messages, follow the rules in the Protocol Buffers language guides for proto2 and proto3 syntaxes, depending on your message type. Following these guidelines will ensure that the old encoded data can be read by new versions of the code.

Generally, any change to the message type, registered extensions, runtime library, or compiled proto JARs may change the encoding. Thus even if both the original and updated messages can be encoded deterministically within a single job, these deterministic encodings may not be the same across jobs.

See Also:

Serialized Form

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from interface com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.Coder

Coder.Context, Coder.NonDeterministicException

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.CloudObject	asCloudObject() Returns the CloudObject that represents this Coder.
static CoderProvider	coderProvider() A CoderProvider that returns a ProtoCoder with an empty ExtensionRegistry.
T	decode(InputStream inStream, Coder.Context context) Decodes a value of type T from the given input stream in the given context.
void	encode(T value, OutputStream outStream, Coder.Context context) Encodes the given value of type T onto the given output stream in the given context.
boolean	equals(Object other)
String	getEncodingId() The encoding identifier is designed to support evolution as per the design of Protocol Buffers.
com.google.protobuf.ExtensionRegistry	getExtensionRegistry() Returns the ExtensionRegistry listing all known Protocol Buffers extension messages to T registered with this ProtoCoder.
Class<T>	getMessageType() Returns the Protocol Buffers Message type this ProtoCoder supports.
int	hashCode()
static <T extends com.google.protobuf.Message> ProtoCoder<T>	of(Class<T> protoMessageClass) Returns a ProtoCoder for the given Protocol Buffers Message.
static <T extends com.google.protobuf.Message> ProtoCoder<T>	of(String protoMessageClassName, List<String> extensionHostClassNames) Deprecated. For JSON deserialization only.
static <T extends com.google.protobuf.Message> ProtoCoder<T>	of(TypeDescriptor<T> protoMessageType) Returns a ProtoCoder for the Protocol Buffers Message indicated by the given TypeDescriptor.
void	verifyDeterministic() Throw Coder.NonDeterministicException if the coding is not deterministic.
ProtoCoder<T>	withExtensionsFrom(Class<?>... moreExtensionHosts) See withExtensionsFrom(Iterable).
ProtoCoder<T>	withExtensionsFrom(Iterable<Class<?>> moreExtensionHosts) Returns a ProtoCoder like this one, but with the extensions from the given classes registered.

Methods inherited from class com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.AtomicCoder

getCoderArguments, getInstanceComponents

Methods inherited from class com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.StandardCoder

consistentWithEquals, getAllowedEncodings, getComponents, getEncodedElementByteSize, isRegisterByteSizeObserverCheap, registerByteSizeObserver, structuralValue, toString, verifyDeterministic, verifyDeterministic

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Method Detail

coderProvider

public static CoderProvider coderProvider()

A CoderProvider that returns a ProtoCoder with an empty ExtensionRegistry.

of

public static <T extends com.google.protobuf.Message> ProtoCoder<T> of(Class<T> protoMessageClass)

Returns a ProtoCoder for the given Protocol Buffers Message.

of

public static <T extends com.google.protobuf.Message> ProtoCoder<T> of(TypeDescriptor<T> protoMessageType)

Returns a ProtoCoder for the Protocol Buffers Message indicated by the given TypeDescriptor.

withExtensionsFrom

public ProtoCoder<T> withExtensionsFrom(Iterable<Class<?>> moreExtensionHosts)

Returns a ProtoCoder like this one, but with the extensions from the given classes registered.

Each of the extension host classes must be an class automatically generated by the Protocol Buffers compiler, protoc, that contains messages.

Does not modify this object.

withExtensionsFrom

public ProtoCoder<T> withExtensionsFrom(Class<?>... moreExtensionHosts)

See withExtensionsFrom(Iterable).

Does not modify this object.

encode

public void encode(T value,
                   OutputStream outStream,
                   Coder.Context context)
            throws IOException

Description copied from interface: Coder

Encodes the given value of type T onto the given output stream in the given context.

Throws:

IOException - if writing to the OutputStream fails for some reason

CoderException - if the value could not be encoded for some reason

decode

public T decode(InputStream inStream,
                Coder.Context context)
         throws IOException

Description copied from interface: Coder

Decodes a value of type T from the given input stream in the given context. Returns the decoded value.

Throws:

IOException - if reading from the InputStream fails for some reason

CoderException - if the value could not be decoded for some reason

equals

public boolean equals(Object other)

Description copied from class: StandardCoder

Overrides:

equals in class StandardCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

Returns:

true if the two StandardCoder instances have the same class and equal components.

hashCode

public int hashCode()

Overrides:

hashCode in class StandardCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

getEncodingId

public String getEncodingId()

The encoding identifier is designed to support evolution as per the design of Protocol Buffers. In order to use this class effectively, carefully follow the advice in the Protocol Buffers documentation at Updating A Message Type.

In particular, the encoding identifier is guaranteed to be the same for ProtoCoder instances of the same principal message class, with the same registered extension host classes, and otherwise distinct. Note that the encoding ID does not encode any version of the message or extensions, nor does it include the message schema.

When modifying a message class, here are the broadest guidelines; see the above link for greater detail.

• Do not change the numeric tags for any fields.
• Never remove a required field.
• Only add optional or repeated fields, with sensible defaults.
• When changing the type of a field, consult the Protocol Buffers documentation to ensure the new and old types are interchangeable.

Code consuming this message class should be prepared to support all versions of the class until it is certain that no remaining serialized instances exist.

If backwards incompatible changes must be made, the best recourse is to change the name of your Protocol Buffers message class.

Specified by:

getEncodingId in interface Coder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

Overrides:

getEncodingId in class StandardCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

verifyDeterministic

public void verifyDeterministic()
                         throws Coder.NonDeterministicException

Description copied from class: DeterministicStandardCoder

Throw Coder.NonDeterministicException if the coding is not deterministic.

In order for a Coder to be considered deterministic, the following must be true:

• two values that compare as equal (via Object.equals() or Comparable.compareTo(), if supported) have the same encoding.
• the Coder always produces a canonical encoding, which is the same for an instance of an object even if produced on different computers at different times.

Specified by:

verifyDeterministic in interface Coder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

Overrides:

verifyDeterministic in class DeterministicStandardCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

Throws:

Coder.NonDeterministicException - if this coder is not deterministic.

getMessageType

public Class<T> getMessageType()

Returns the Protocol Buffers Message type this ProtoCoder supports.

getExtensionRegistry

public com.google.protobuf.ExtensionRegistry getExtensionRegistry()

Returns the ExtensionRegistry listing all known Protocol Buffers extension messages to T registered with this ProtoCoder.

of

@Deprecated
public static <T extends com.google.protobuf.Message> ProtoCoder<T> of(String protoMessageClassName,
                                                                                   @Nullable
                                                                                   List<String> extensionHostClassNames)

Deprecated. For JSON deserialization only.

asCloudObject

public com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.CloudObject asCloudObject()

Description copied from interface: Coder

Returns the CloudObject that represents this Coder.

Specified by:

asCloudObject in interface Coder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>

Overrides:

asCloudObject in class StandardCoder<T extends com.google.protobuf.Message>