Suites

Class used via an implicit conversion to enable two objects to be compared with === and !== with a Boolean result and an enforced type constraint between two object types. For example:

assert(a === b)
assert(c !== d)

You can also check numeric values against another with a tolerance. Here are some examples:

assert(a === (2.0 +- 0.1))
assert(c !== (2.0 +- 0.1))

Class used via an implicit conversion to enable any two objects to be compared with === and !== with a Boolean result and no enforced type constraint between two object types. For example:

assert(a === b)
assert(c !== d)

You can also check numeric values against another with a tolerance. Here are some examples:

assert(a === (2.0 +- 0.1))
assert(c !== (2.0 +- 0.1))

Returns a user friendly string for this suite, composed of the simple name of the class (possibly simplified further by removing dollar signs if added by the Scala interpeter) and, if this suite contains nested suites, the result of invoking toString on each of the nested suites, separated by commas and surrounded by parentheses.

Returns a TripleEqualsInvocationOnSpread[T], given an Spread[T], to facilitate the “<left> should !== (<pivot> +- <tolerance>)” syntax of Matchers.

Returns a TripleEqualsInvocation[Null], given a null reference, to facilitate the “<left> should !== null” syntax of Matchers.

Returns a TripleEqualsInvocation[T], given an object of type T, to facilitate the “<left> should !== <right>” syntax of Matchers.

Returns a TripleEqualsInvocationOnSpread[T], given an Spread[T], to facilitate the “<left> should === (<pivot> +- <tolerance>)” syntax of Matchers.

Returns a TripleEqualsInvocation[Null], given a null reference, to facilitate the “<left> should === null” syntax of Matchers.

Returns a TripleEqualsInvocation[T], given an object of type T, to facilitate the “<left> should === <right>” syntax of Matchers.

Assert that a boolean condition, described in String message, is true. If the condition is true, this method returns normally. Else, it throws TestFailedException with a helpful error message appended with the String obtained by invoking toString on the specified clue as the exception's detail message.

This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:

• assert(a == b, "a good clue")

• assert(a != b, "a good clue")

• assert(a === b, "a good clue")

• assert(a !== b, "a good clue")

• assert(a > b, "a good clue")

• assert(a >= b, "a good clue")

• assert(a < b, "a good clue")

• assert(a <= b, "a good clue")

• assert(a startsWith "prefix", "a good clue")

• assert(a endsWith "postfix", "a good clue")

• assert(a contains "something", "a good clue")

• assert(a eq b, "a good clue")

• assert(a ne b, "a good clue")

• assert(a > 0 && b > 5, "a good clue")

• assert(a > 0 || b > 5, "a good clue")

• assert(a.isEmpty, "a good clue")

• assert(!a.isEmpty, "a good clue")

• assert(a.isInstanceOf[String], "a good clue")

• assert(a.length == 8, "a good clue")

• assert(a.size == 8, "a good clue")

• assert(a.exists(_ == 8), "a good clue")

At this time, any other form of expression will just get a TestFailedException with message saying the given expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations. In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production code.

Assert that a boolean condition is true. If the condition is true, this method returns normally. Else, it throws TestFailedException.

This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:

• assert(a == b)

• assert(a != b)

• assert(a === b)

• assert(a !== b)

• assert(a > b)

• assert(a >= b)

• assert(a < b)

• assert(a <= b)

• assert(a startsWith "prefix")

• assert(a endsWith "postfix")

• assert(a contains "something")

• assert(a eq b)

• assert(a ne b)

• assert(a > 0 && b > 5)

• assert(a > 0 || b > 5)

• assert(a.isEmpty)

• assert(!a.isEmpty)

• assert(a.isInstanceOf[String])

• assert(a.length == 8)

• assert(a.size == 8)

• assert(a.exists(_ == 8))

At this time, any other form of expression will get a TestFailedException with message saying the given expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations. In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production code.

Asserts that a given string snippet of code passes both the Scala parser and type checker.

You can use this to make sure a snippet of code compiles:

assertCompiles("val a: Int = 1")

Although assertCompiles is implemented with a macro that determines at compile time whether the snippet of code represented by the passed string compiles, errors (i.e., snippets of code that do not compile) are reported as test failures at runtime.

Asserts that a given string snippet of code does not pass either the Scala parser or type checker.

Often when creating libraries you may wish to ensure that certain arrangements of code that represent potential “user errors” do not compile, so that your library is more error resistant. ScalaTest's Assertions trait includes the following syntax for that purpose:

assertDoesNotCompile("val a: String = \"a string")

Although assertDoesNotCompile is implemented with a macro that determines at compile time whether the snippet of code represented by the passed string doesn't compile, errors (i.e., snippets of code that do compile) are reported as test failures at runtime.

Note that the difference between assertTypeError and assertDoesNotCompile is that assertDoesNotCompile will succeed if the given code does not compile for any reason, whereas assertTypeError will only succeed if the given code does not compile because of a type error. If the given code does not compile because of a syntax error, for example, assertDoesNotCompile will return normally but assertTypeError will throw a TestFailedException.

Assert that the value passed as expected equals the value passed as actual. If the actual value equals the expected value (as determined by ==), assertResult returns normally. Else, assertResult throws a TestFailedException whose detail message includes the expected and actual values.

Assert that the value passed as expected equals the value passed as actual. If the actual equals the expected (as determined by ==), assertResult returns normally. Else, if actual is not equal to expected, assertResult throws a TestFailedException whose detail message includes the expected and actual values, as well as the String obtained by invoking toString on the passed clue.

Ensure that an expected exception is thrown by the passed function value. The thrown exception must be an instance of the type specified by the type parameter of this method. This method invokes the passed function. If the function throws an exception that's an instance of the specified type, this method returns Succeeded. Else, whether the passed function returns normally or completes abruptly with a different exception, this method throws TestFailedException.

Note that the type specified as this method's type parameter may represent any subtype of AnyRef, not just Throwable or one of its subclasses. In Scala, exceptions can be caught based on traits they implement, so it may at times make sense to specify a trait that the intercepted exception's class must mix in. If a class instance is passed for a type that could not possibly be used to catch an exception (such as String, for example), this method will complete abruptly with a TestFailedException.

Also note that the difference between this method and intercept is that this method does not return the expected exception, so it does not let you perform further assertions on that exception. Instead, this method returns Succeeded, which means it can serve as the last statement in an async- or safe-style suite. It also indicates to the reader of the code that nothing further is expected about the thrown exception other than its type. The recommended usage is to use assertThrows by default, intercept only when you need to inspect the caught exception further.

Asserts that a given string snippet of code does not pass the Scala type checker, failing if the given snippet does not pass the Scala parser.

Often when creating libraries you may wish to ensure that certain arrangements of code that represent potential “user errors” do not compile, so that your library is more error resistant. ScalaTest's Assertions trait includes the following syntax for that purpose:

assertTypeError("val a: String = 1")

Although assertTypeError is implemented with a macro that determines at compile time whether the snippet of code represented by the passed string type checks, errors (i.e., snippets of code that do type check) are reported as test failures at runtime.

Note that the difference between assertTypeError and assertDoesNotCompile is that assertDoesNotCompile will succeed if the given code does not compile for any reason, whereas assertTypeError will only succeed if the given code does not compile because of a type error. If the given code does not compile because of a syntax error, for example, assertDoesNotCompile will return normally but assertTypeError will throw a TestFailedException.

Assume that a boolean condition, described in String message, is true. If the condition is true, this method returns normally. Else, it throws TestCanceledException with a helpful error message appended with String obtained by invoking toString on the specified clue as the exception's detail message.

This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:

• assume(a == b, "a good clue")

• assume(a != b, "a good clue")

• assume(a === b, "a good clue")

• assume(a !== b, "a good clue")

• assume(a > b, "a good clue")

• assume(a >= b, "a good clue")

• assume(a < b, "a good clue")

• assume(a <= b, "a good clue")

• assume(a startsWith "prefix", "a good clue")

• assume(a endsWith "postfix", "a good clue")

• assume(a contains "something", "a good clue")

• assume(a eq b, "a good clue")

• assume(a ne b, "a good clue")

• assume(a > 0 && b > 5, "a good clue")

• assume(a > 0 || b > 5, "a good clue")

• assume(a.isEmpty, "a good clue")

• assume(!a.isEmpty, "a good clue")

• assume(a.isInstanceOf[String], "a good clue")

• assume(a.length == 8, "a good clue")

• assume(a.size == 8, "a good clue")

• assume(a.exists(_ == 8), "a good clue")

At this time, any other form of expression will just get a TestCanceledException with message saying the given expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations. In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production code.

Assume that a boolean condition is true. If the condition is true, this method returns normally. Else, it throws TestCanceledException.

This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:

• assume(a == b)

• assume(a != b)

• assume(a === b)

• assume(a !== b)

• assume(a > b)

• assume(a >= b)

• assume(a < b)

• assume(a <= b)

• assume(a startsWith "prefix")

• assume(a endsWith "postfix")

• assume(a contains "something")

• assume(a eq b)

• assume(a ne b)

• assume(a > 0 && b > 5)

• assume(a > 0 || b > 5)

• assume(a.isEmpty)

• assume(!a.isEmpty)

• assume(a.isInstanceOf[String])

• assume(a.length == 8)

• assume(a.size == 8)

• assume(a.exists(_ == 8))

At this time, any other form of expression will just get a TestCanceledException with message saying the given expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations. In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production code.

Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed. The getMessage method of the thrown TestCanceledException will return cause.toString.

Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed String message as the exception's detail message and Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.

Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed String message as the exception's detail message, to indicate a test was canceled.

Throws TestCanceledException to indicate a test was canceled.

Provides a A CanEqual B for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that A must be a subtype of B, given an explicit Equivalence[B].

This method is used to enable the Explicitly DSL for TypeCheckedTripleEquals by requiring an explicit Equivalance[B], but taking an implicit function that provides evidence that A is a subtype of B.

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[B]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits LowPriorityTypeCheckedConstraint (extended by TypeCheckedTripleEquals), and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that B must be a subtype of A, given an explicit Equivalence[A].

This method is used to enable the Explicitly DSL for TypeCheckedTripleEquals by requiring an explicit Equivalance[B], but taking an implicit function that provides evidence that A is a subtype of B. For example, under TypeCheckedTripleEquals, this method (as an implicit method), would be used to compile this statement:

def closeEnoughTo1(num: Double): Boolean =
 (num === 1.0)(decided by forgivingEquality)

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[A]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits TypeCheckedTripleEquals) and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Converts to an CheckingEqualizer that provides === and !== operators that result in Boolean and enforce a type constraint.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtrait TypeCheckedTripleEquals, and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Returns an Equality[A] for any type A that determines equality by first calling .deep on any Array (on either the left or right side), then comparing the resulting objects with ==.

The total number of tests that are expected to run when this Suite's run method is invoked.

This trait's implementation of this method returns the sum of:

• the size of the testNames List, minus the number of tests marked as ignored and any tests that are exluded by the passed Filter

• the sum of the values obtained by invoking expectedTestCount on every nested Suite contained in nestedSuites

Throws TestFailedException, with the passed Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed. The getMessage method of the thrown TestFailedException will return cause.toString.

Throws TestFailedException, with the passed String message as the exception's detail message and Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.

Throws TestFailedException, with the passed String message as the exception's detail message, to indicate a test failed.

Throws TestFailedException to indicate a test failed.

Intercept and return an exception that's expected to be thrown by the passed function value. The thrown exception must be an instance of the type specified by the type parameter of this method. This method invokes the passed function. If the function throws an exception that's an instance of the specified type, this method returns that exception. Else, whether the passed function returns normally or completes abruptly with a different exception, this method throws TestFailedException.

Note that the type specified as this method's type parameter may represent any subtype of AnyRef, not just Throwable or one of its subclasses. In Scala, exceptions can be caught based on traits they implement, so it may at times make sense to specify a trait that the intercepted exception's class must mix in. If a class instance is passed for a type that could not possibly be used to catch an exception (such as String, for example), this method will complete abruptly with a TestFailedException.

Also note that the difference between this method and assertThrows is that this method returns the expected exception, so it lets you perform further assertions on that exception. By contrast, the assertThrows method returns Succeeded, which means it can serve as the last statement in an async- or safe-style suite. assertThrows also indicates to the reader of the code that nothing further is expected about the thrown exception other than its type. The recommended usage is to use assertThrows by default, intercept only when you need to inspect the caught exception further.

Provides an A CanEqual B for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that A must be a subtype of B, given an implicit Equivalence[B].

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[A]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits LowPriorityTypeCheckedConstraint (extended by TypeCheckedTripleEquals), and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Throws TestPendingException to indicate a test is pending.

A pending test is one that has been given a name but is not yet implemented. The purpose of pending tests is to facilitate a style of testing in which documentation of behavior is sketched out before tests are written to verify that behavior (and often, the before the behavior of the system being tested is itself implemented). Such sketches form a kind of specification of what tests and functionality to implement later.

To support this style of testing, a test can be given a name that specifies one bit of behavior required by the system being tested. The test can also include some code that sends more information about the behavior to the reporter when the tests run. At the end of the test, it can call method pending, which will cause it to complete abruptly with TestPendingException. Because tests in ScalaTest can be designated as pending with TestPendingException, both the test name and any information sent to the reporter when running the test can appear in the report of a test run. (In other words, the code of a pending test is executed just like any other test.) However, because the test completes abruptly with TestPendingException, the test will be reported as pending, to indicate the actual test, and possibly the functionality it is intended to test, has not yet been implemented.

Note: This method always completes abruptly with a TestPendingException. Thus it always has a side effect. Methods with side effects are usually invoked with parentheses, as in pending(). This method is defined as a parameterless method, in flagrant contradiction to recommended Scala style, because it forms a kind of DSL for pending tests. It enables tests in suites such as FunSuite or FunSpec to be denoted by placing "(pending)" after the test name, as in:

test("that style rules are not laws") (pending)

Readers of the code see "pending" in parentheses, which looks like a little note attached to the test name to indicate it is pending. Whereas "(pending()) looks more like a method call, "(pending)" lets readers stay at a higher level, forgetting how it is implemented and just focusing on the intent of the programmer who wrote the code.

Execute the passed block of code, and if it completes abruptly, throw TestPendingException, else throw TestFailedException.

This method can be used to temporarily change a failing test into a pending test in such a way that it will automatically turn back into a failing test once the problem originally causing the test to fail has been fixed. At that point, you need only remove the pendingUntilFixed call. In other words, a pendingUntilFixed surrounding a block of code that isn't broken is treated as a test failure. The motivation for this behavior is to encourage people to remove pendingUntilFixed calls when there are no longer needed.

This method facilitates a style of testing in which tests are written before the code they test. Sometimes you may encounter a test failure that requires more functionality than you want to tackle without writing more tests. In this case you can mark the bit of test code causing the failure with pendingUntilFixed. You can then write more tests and functionality that eventually will get your production code to a point where the original test won't fail anymore. At this point the code block marked with pendingUntilFixed will no longer throw an exception (because the problem has been fixed). This will in turn cause pendingUntilFixed to throw TestFailedException with a detail message explaining you need to go back and remove the pendingUntilFixed call as the problem orginally causing your test code to fail has been fixed.

The fully qualified class name of the rerunner to rerun this suite. This implementation will look at this.getClass and see if it is either an accessible Suite, or it has a WrapWith annotation. If so, it returns the fully qualified class name wrapped in a Some, or else it returns None.

Runs this suite of tests.

If testName is None, this trait's implementation of this method calls these two methods on this object in this order:

• runNestedSuites

• runTests

If testName is defined, then this trait's implementation of this method calls runTests, but does not call runNestedSuites. This behavior is part of the contract of this method. Subclasses that override run must take care not to call runNestedSuites if testName is defined. (The OneInstancePerTest trait depends on this behavior, for example.)

Subclasses and subtraits that override this run method can implement them without invoking either the runTests or runNestedSuites methods, which are invoked by this trait's implementation of this method. It is recommended, but not required, that subclasses and subtraits that override run in a way that does not invoke runNestedSuites also override runNestedSuites and make it final. Similarly it is recommended, but not required, that subclasses and subtraits that override run in a way that does not invoke runTests also override runTests (and runTest, which this trait's implementation of runTests calls) and make it final. The implementation of these final methods can either invoke the superclass implementation of the method, or throw an UnsupportedOperationException if appropriate. The reason for this recommendation is that ScalaTest includes several traits that override these methods to allow behavior to be mixed into a Suite. For example, trait BeforeAndAfterEach overrides runTestss. In a Suite subclass that no longer invokes runTests from run, the BeforeAndAfterEach trait is not applicable. Mixing it in would have no effect. By making runTests final in such a Suite subtrait, you make the attempt to mix BeforeAndAfterEach into a subclass of your subtrait a compiler error. (It would fail to compile with a complaint that BeforeAndAfterEach is trying to override runTests, which is a final method in your trait.)

A string ID for this Suite that is intended to be unique among all suites reported during a run.

This trait's implementation of this method returns the fully qualified name of this object's class. Each suite reported during a run will commonly be an instance of a different Suite class, and in such cases, this default implementation of this method will suffice. However, in special cases you may need to override this method to ensure it is unique for each reported suite. For example, if you write a Suite subclass that reads in a file whose name is passed to its constructor and dynamically creates a suite of tests based on the information in that file, you will likely need to override this method in your Suite subclass, perhaps by appending the pathname of the file to the fully qualified class name. That way if you run a suite of tests based on a directory full of these files, you'll have unique suite IDs for each reported suite.

The suite ID is intended to be unique, because ScalaTest does not enforce that it is unique. If it is not unique, then you may not be able to uniquely identify a particular test of a particular suite. This ability is used, for example, to dynamically tag tests as having failed in the previous run when rerunning only failed tests.

A user-friendly suite name for this Suite.

This trait's implementation of this method returns the simple name of this object's class. This trait's implementation of runNestedSuites calls this method to obtain a name for Reports to pass to the suiteStarting, suiteCompleted, and suiteAborted methods of the Reporter.

A Map whose keys are String names of tests that are tagged and whose associated values are the Set of tag names for the test. If a test has no associated tags, its name does not appear as a key in the returned Map. If this Suite contains no tests with tags, this method returns an empty Map.

This trait's implementation of this method uses Java reflection to discover any Java annotations attached to its test methods. The fully qualified name of each unique annotation that extends TagAnnotation is considered a tag. This trait's implementation of this method, therefore, places one key/value pair into to the Map for each test for which a tag annotation is discovered through reflection.

In addition to test methods annotations, this trait's implementation will also auto-tag test methods with class level annotations. For example, if you annotate @Ignore at the class level, all test methods in the class will be auto-annotated with @Ignore.

Subclasses may override this method to define and/or discover tags in a custom manner, but overriding method implementations should never return an empty Set as a value. If a test has no tags, its name should not appear as a key in the returned Map.

Provides a TestData instance for the passed test name, given the passed config map.

This method is used to obtain a TestData instance to pass to withFixture(NoArgTest) and withFixture(OneArgTest) and the beforeEach and afterEach methods of trait BeforeAndAfterEach.

A Set of test names. If this Suite contains no tests, this method returns an empty Set.

This trait's implementation of this method returns an empty Set.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that B must be a subtype of A, given an implicit Equivalence[A].

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[A]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits TypeCheckedTripleEquals) and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Executes the block of code passed as the second parameter, and, if it completes abruptly with a ModifiableMessage exception, prepends the "clue" string passed as the first parameter to the beginning of the detail message of that thrown exception, then rethrows it. If clue does not end in a white space character, one space will be added between it and the existing detail message (unless the detail message is not defined).

This method allows you to add more information about what went wrong that will be reported when a test fails. Here's an example:

withClue("(Employee's name was: " + employee.name + ")") {
 intercept[IllegalArgumentException] {
   employee.getTask(-1)
 }
}

If an invocation of intercept completed abruptly with an exception, the resulting message would be something like:

(Employee's name was Bob Jones) Expected IllegalArgumentException to be thrown, but no exception was thrown

The conversionCheckedConstraint method has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Scalactic. It is no longer needed now that the deprecation period of ConversionCheckedTripleEquals has expired. It will not be replaced.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that B is implicitly convertible to A, given an implicit Equivalence[A].

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[A]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits ConversionCheckedTripleEquals) and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

The convertEquivalenceToAToBConversionConstraint method has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Scalactic. It is no longer needed now that the deprecation period of ConversionCheckedTripleEquals has expired. It will not be replaced.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that A is implicitly convertible to B, given an explicit Equivalence[B].

This method is used to enable the Explicitly DSL for ConversionCheckedTripleEquals by requiring an explicit Equivalance[B], but taking an implicit function that converts from A to B.

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[B]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits LowPriorityConversionCheckedConstraint (extended by ConversionCheckedTripleEquals), and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

The convertEquivalenceToBToAConversionConstraint method has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Scalactic. It is no longer needed now that the deprecation period of ConversionCheckedTripleEquals has expired. It will not be replaced.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that B is implicitly convertible to A, given an explicit Equivalence[A].

This method is used to enable the Explicitly DSL for ConversionCheckedTripleEquals by requiring an explicit Equivalance[A], but taking an implicit function that converts from B to A. For example, under ConversionCheckedTripleEquals, this method (as an implicit method), would be used to compile this statement:

def closeEnoughTo1(num: Double): Boolean =
 (num === 1.0)(decided by forgivingEquality)

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[A]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits ConversionCheckedTripleEquals) and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

The lowPriorityConversionCheckedConstraint method has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Scalactic. It is no longer needed now that the deprecation period of ConversionCheckedTripleEquals has expired. It will not be replaced.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, enforcing the type constraint that A is implicitly convertible to B, given an implicit Equivalence[B].

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equivalence[B]'s areEquivalent method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits LowPriorityConversionCheckedConstraint (extended by ConversionCheckedTripleEquals), and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Trap and return any thrown exception that would normally cause a ScalaTest test to fail, or create and return a new RuntimeException indicating no exception is thrown.

This method is intended to be used in the Scala interpreter to eliminate large stack traces when trying out ScalaTest assertions and matcher expressions. It is not intended to be used in regular test code. If you want to ensure that a bit of code throws an expected exception, use intercept, not trap. Here's an example interpreter session without trap:

scala> import org.scalatest._
import org.scalatest._

scala> import Matchers._
import Matchers._

scala> val x = 12
a: Int = 12

scala> x shouldEqual 13
org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedException: 12 did not equal 13
  at org.scalatest.Assertions$class.newAssertionFailedException(Assertions.scala:449)
  at org.scalatest.Assertions$.newAssertionFailedException(Assertions.scala:1203)
  at org.scalatest.Assertions$AssertionsHelper.macroAssertTrue(Assertions.scala:417)
  at .<init>(<console>:15)
  at .<clinit>(<console>)
  at .<init>(<console>:7)
  at .<clinit>(<console>)
  at $print(<console>)
  at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
  at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain$ReadEvalPrint.call(IMain.scala:731)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain$Request.loadAndRun(IMain.scala:980)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.loadAndRunReq$1(IMain.scala:570)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.interpret(IMain.scala:601)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.interpret(IMain.scala:565)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.reallyInterpret$1(ILoop.scala:745)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.interpretStartingWith(ILoop.scala:790)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.command(ILoop.scala:702)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.processLine$1(ILoop.scala:566)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.innerLoop$1(ILoop.scala:573)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.loop(ILoop.scala:576)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply$mcZ$sp(ILoop.scala:867)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply(ILoop.scala:822)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply(ILoop.scala:822)
  at scala.tools.nsc.util.ScalaClassLoader$.savingContextLoader(ScalaClassLoader.scala:135)
  at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.process(ILoop.scala:822)
  at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner.runTarget$1(MainGenericRunner.scala:83)
  at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner.process(MainGenericRunner.scala:96)
  at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner$.main(MainGenericRunner.scala:105)
  at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner.main(MainGenericRunner.scala)

That's a pretty tall stack trace. Here's what it looks like when you use trap:

scala> trap { x shouldEqual 13 }
res1: Throwable = org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedException: 12 did not equal 13

Much less clutter. Bear in mind, however, that if no exception is thrown by the passed block of code, the trap method will create a new NormalResult (a subclass of Throwable made for this purpose only) and return that. If the result was the Unit value, it will simply say that no exception was thrown:

scala> trap { x shouldEqual 12 }
res2: Throwable = No exception was thrown.

If the passed block of code results in a value other than Unit, the NormalResult's toString will print the value:

scala> trap { "Dude!" }
res3: Throwable = No exception was thrown. Instead, result was: "Dude!"

Although you can access the result value from the NormalResult, its type is Any and therefore not very convenient to use. It is not intended that trap be used in test code. The sole intended use case for trap is decluttering Scala interpreter sessions by eliminating stack traces when executing assertion and matcher expressions.

Returns an immutable IndexedSeq containing the suites passed to the constructor in the order they were passed.

The Succeeded singleton.

You can use succeed to solve a type error when an async test does not end in either Future[Assertion] or Assertion. Because Assertion is a type alias for Succeeded.type, putting succeed at the end of a test body (or at the end of a function being used to map the final future of a test body) will solve the type error.

The styleName lifecycle method has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of ScalaTest.

This method was used to support the chosen styles feature, which was deactivated in 3.1.0. The internal modularization of ScalaTest in 3.2.0 will replace chosen styles as the tool to encourage consistency across a project. We do not plan a replacement for styleName.

Converts to an Equalizer that provides === and !== operators that result in Boolean and enforce no type constraint.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtrait TripleEquals and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.

Provides an A CanEqual B instance for any two types A and B, with no type constraint enforced, given an implicit Equality[A].

The returned Constraint's areEqual method uses the implicitly passed Equality[A]'s areEqual method to determine equality.

This method is overridden and made implicit by subtraits TripleEquals and overriden as non-implicit by the other subtraits in this package.